Spells are magical syntaxes that, once cast, will consume some of your naturally regenerating mana in order to produce the desired effect.
All spells (except for Taunt) require a certain amount of mana every time to be used and have a minimum magic level requirement. In addition to these restrictions, some spells can only be used by certain vocations. Most spells have to be learned (bought) before a player is able to cast them.
All learned and learnable spells for the player's vocation can be seen in the spellbook module in-game, accessible through an icon in the top left of the game-window. Teachers for these spells can also be located and marked on your map through the module.
Spells cannot be used too rapidly. Each spell, depending on the type, will exhaust you for 1 or 2 seconds. For example, healing runes and spells have a 1 second cooldown (except for Purification); offensive runes have a 2 second cooldown, while the cooldowns of offensive spells vary. Note that you can not get muted by quickly casting spells, but you cannot cast spells while muted.
When it comes to damaging and healing runes and spells, a character's damage or healing values are determined by their total Spellpower, which is derived from their Magic Level, experience level and either their total Intelligence, Dexterity or Strength.